Influence Of Tobacco Use. “The Prevalence Of Current Smoking

Influence of Tobacco Use â€Å"The prevalence of current smoking among youth is lower than it has been in decades, and the rate of quitting smoking in younger birth cohorts has been increasing. Nonetheless, tobacco use among youth remains a public health problem of substantial importance due to adolescents being the time when most smokers start (Aldrich, Hidalgo, Widome et al., 2015).† About 87% of adults started smoking before the age of 18, while 98% started before the age of 26 (Aldrich, Hidalgo, Widome et al., 2015). Smoking is perceived to happen during adolescents, which was initially encouraged by tobacco industry marketing that has effectively and purposely targeted the youth (Aldrich, Hidalgo, Widome et al., 2015). So What are the†¦show more content†¦Peer Influence: Another influence toward adolescent tobacco use is the presence of peer authority. Peer influences play a significant role during adolescents. â€Å"Adolescents is a time when new identities, f riendships, and peer group affiliations are solidified and parental influences gradually diminish (Huang, Unger, Soto et al., 2014).† According to Huang, Unger, and Soto, peers tend to have a profound effect on each other and they have the ability to encourage experimentation of risky behaviors when there is normative pressure to do so. There has also been evidence to point to the fact that adolescents’ use of tobacco is greatly influenced with their friends’ use of the same substance (Huang, Unger, Soto et al., 2014). The most common peer influence is peer pressure in order to try and convince an individual to try substances. There are other ways peers can influence others without pressure. Modeling influence may be a factor in peer influences for tobacco use. As seen in movies, TV shows, and sports, many actors/athletes are scene smoking or using smokeless tobacco. For adolescents who see an actor or athlete as being a model, they also have an influential effect on what they do on TV. For example, smokeless tobacco is perceived to be a â€Å"baseball thing.† With many professional baseball players’ smokeless tobacco is a constant habit in theirShow MoreRelatedTobacco Use Among Adolescents And Young Adults1287 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Tobacco use among adolescents has been increasing over the years due to marketing strategies that target adolescents and attempt to promote beliefs that influence smoking behaviors. Many of the smoking behaviors are established in adolescents and young adults who are more influenced by exposure to promotional marketing advertisements such as billboards, transit ads, and other strategies that impose acceptable social norms among their peers. According to the CDC, in 2012, 6.7% of middleRead MoreThe Risk Factor Of Cigarette Smoking983 Words   |  4 Pageschose to address behavioral risk factor of cigarette smoking. 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In the Content of the Period 1485-1587, to What Extent Did...

In the content of the period 1485-1587, to what extent did the Northern Rebellion of 1569 represent a significant threat to the security of the Tudor State? Rebellions caused a serious threat to monarchs; and as a result of the War of The Roses and Henry VII’s usurpation in 1485, the Tudor Dynasty had effectively been founded on Rebellion so it may be possible to assume that the Tudor Dynasty could be removed by rebellion. The Tudor period can be seen as a time of unrest as each Tudor monarch had at least one rebellion during their reign. The majority of the Tudor rebellions were a significant threat as they attacked the authority of the Crown; suggesting a period of instability throughout the 100 years as each rebellion was a constant†¦show more content†¦This to an extent is true as the Treason Act and Henry’s Royal Supremacy were all seen as clear examples of Cromwell’s policies. Moreover, Henry VIII had said ‘’like traitors and rebels have attempted, and not like true subjects, as ye name yourselves’’ which illustrates that Henry VIII felt they were a threat as they were questi oning his judgement as king. As well as this, the Yorkshire rebellion had political connotations as there was resentment in Yorkshire of a Lancastrian monarch when a Yorkist has been overthrown. Moreover, the revolt involving Perkin Warbeck, had the support of James IV and Charles VIII as well as the Holy Roman Emperor Maximilan, threatening Henry VII’s position as ruler as there was a possible danger than he may have been overthrown. However, the support from these influential figures wasn’t strong and Warbeck had little support south of the border. In addition, the Wyatt’s rebellion was also a political threat, questioning the security of the Tudor State. This was due to the proposed marriage of Mary Queen of Scots to Philip of Spain. Nevertheless, this revolt didn’t have the support

Seven Ages by William Shakespeare free essay sample

He becomes very attentive of his looks and begins to enjoy the finer things of life. †¢ Old age: He begins to lose his charm both physical and mental. He begins to become the brunt of others jokes. He loses his firmness and assertiveness and shrinks in stature and personality. †¢ Mental dementia and death: He loses his status and he becomes a non-entity. He becomes dependent on others like a child and is in need of constant support before finally dying. The poem commences with life being compared to a huge stage where all of us are only actors. Each person has an entry into the world at birth and exits it at death. According to Shakespeare, every man plays several parts during his life time. On the stage of life every man has seven acts. The first act of man is infancy. At this time all that the baby does is cry and puke on his nurses lap. After he goes through his infant life, he emerges as a school child who slings his bag over his shoulder and creeps most unwillingly to school. At the next stage in life, the young man is a lover who is busy composing ballads for his beloved and sighing deeply for her attention. He graduates into a bearded soldier who promises solemnly to guard his country. He is filled with national pride, is quick to be insulted and is always ready to spring up in defence. At this point of time he is more concerned with status and reputation. From the agile soldier, he goes on to become a judge whose waistline grows as he becomes fatter and fatter. He wears a short, formal beard and his eyes become intense. He is full of wisdom, speaking to everyone in a just and wise manner. After he has played this part, he goes into the sixth age. He becomes thin, wears spectacles, the skin around him hangs loosely. He is made fun of as being a funny old man. His youth has been left behind. His clothes hang loosely around him and his once manly voice turns into a high pitched, childish one. With this, man enters the last act where he experiences his second childhood as he becomes dependent on people once more. He is overcome by senility and forgetfulness as he loses his faculties of sight, hearing, smell and taste, slowly and ultimately dies. Background of the Poem William Shakespeare was a great playwright and a poet who reflected the intricacies and realities of life in a very subtle manner. In his famous play As You Like It, Jacques gives a speech about the seven stages in a mans life. Jacques speech became a masterpiece and extracts of the speech are often quoted in literature. Since Jacques was a melancholy character, he presents a negative picture of life. Summary Through Jacques, Shakespeare puts forth the view that the world is a stage in which human beings play their part. There are seven acts like seven stages in a mans life. A person performs multifarious roles in a single life-time. In the beginning, he is a crying baby in the arms of the nurse. Infancy is followed by school-going stage, when he is bright-eyed, trudging unwillingly to school. In the third stage, he grows into a lover, writing poems in praise of his beloved and sighing like a furnace. Then he plays the role of a soldier, who is rash, and who willingly sacrifices his life for honour. In the next role he is a Judge, well-fed, prosperous, fat and fierce-eyed. He is always in a mood of impressing others and is full of wise maxims. The next stage depicts man to be weak, thin, wearing spectacles and slippers. His clothes are loose and legs are thin and his voice is shrill like that of a child. At the end comes the last stage when he loses his memory, teeth, eyes, taste, in fact everything. It is like a second childhood as he has to depend on others for everything. Thus ends the drama of his eventful life. Summary In this poem, Shakespeare describes various stages of human life. He compares this world to a stage where men and women as actors and actresses perform the drama of human life. The birth and death of human beings is similar to the entrance and exit of characters of stage. This point of view reflects his deep affiliation with theatre. Shakespeare says that each human being performs seven parts in this small drama on the stage of the world. He makes his entry as a baby who is fully dependent upon others. This stage ends when the infant grows into a school child. Shakespeare describes him as a boy having a face fresh like morning, with his bag hanging on his side, walking appropriately to school. In the beginning he does not like going to school but gradually his thinking changes. When time passes onwards the schoolboy transformed into a youngster. He is not an adult yet and due to lack of maturity, he indulges in infatuations. The young man through years of experience emerges as a brave soldier. His desires and ambitions give a more aggressive look. He has become hasty and fights over minor issues. He wants to become famous at all costs. The age of bravery soon passes away by giving way to a mature and sensible phase when he plays the role of a judge. He has cold, unemotional eyes and wears a beard of formal cut. He gives lectures to people and delivers wise sayings. The stage also comes to an end and the sixth age arrives. The wise judge is an old man now. His legs are thin and body has shrunk and his strong voice changes into a squeaking voice. The seventh and the last stage of a mans life is the time of exit. He is once again dependent upon others as he was in infancy. Shakespeare has called this age second childhood. According to Jacques, the whole world is a stage where man enacts different parts depending on the stages of his life. He progresses by tracing the first stage of mans life infancy and childhood, wherein the child registers his protest against the various disciplining forces of life. The school boy goes to school very reluctantly. According to Jacques, the next phase is one rash and reckless youth, depicted through the figure of the dejected lover and the intrepid soldier. The lover sighs as loudly as the noise made by powerful furnace. He follows the traditional way of wooing his lover by writing a poem to describe his lovers beauty. The Stages of Soldier, Justice, Aged Man and Second Childishness in the Seven Ages of Man The soldier typifies youth and is prepared to die for his reputation. This is followed by a phase of complacence and hypocritical wisdom in the middle years as seen in the personality of the rich and well fed justice. Jacques prefers to focus on the negative side of old age as seen in the case of the Pantaloon. This aging man has shrunk physically as well as mentally. The clothes he had worn in his youth, now do not fit his shrunken body. His voice is no longer manly. It is squeaky and childish. He slides pathetically towards the last stage of senility and oblivion, helpless as an infant. He has lost all his faculties. The very first two lines of the poem exemplify Shakespeares notions regarding Life, Destiny and Providence. He strongly believes in preconceived notions regarding life. The poet comprehends that the stage is set by the Ultimate Creator, and we are mere puppets out to act our roles out as directed by Him. Their exits and entrances are stage-managed or predetermined. A man generally plays seven typical parts. Like Ben Jonsons flat character types based on the theory of humours, these are typified mainly according to age of the person. In the first stage, he is the infant, in the second, he is the schoolboy . Though he is endowed with a shining face and the vigour of youth, he moves likes a snail unawares of the blessings he is attributed with. He is afraid of what the world holds in store for him, and apprehensive of moving out of his protective shell. Then comes the lover who visualizes the world as a bed of roses. He is so obsessed with his love that he fails to see anything beyond that. Like a furnace, he burns with the effervescent emotion of love. He seeks pleasures in his woes. Subsequently comes the soldier who is as bearded as a pard or as hairy as a leopard. He wants to take the world by storm, full of promises. He seeks a bubble reputation, a transitory form of accomplishment that is real only for the present, never for the past or the future. He is impulsive in expressions, and instinctive in emotions. The judge was typically with a big belly and capon lined. The capon was a delicacy of times and used to bribe officers pertaining to the law. Therefore, Shakespeare indirectly points to the corrupt practices of the time He had a beard of formal cut, as his profession demanded of him and severe or keen eyes as required of a judge. His wise saws or age-old aphorisms are well-balanced with a modern outlook. The sixth stage that of the Pantaloon refers to the figure of Pantalone in the Italian Commedia dell Arte tradition. The figure was typified as a foolish character. Here Shakespeare caricaturizes him as being lean and slippered. A bespectacled man, he has a pouch by his side perhaps owing to his failing memory. The world is too wide for him now. Firstly, his shrunken size makes the world seem huger for it. Secondly, now as his utility value has gone down, he has become too small for the world. His manly voice mellows into a childish treble. There are pipes and whistles in his sound implying the squeaking, and also the loss of his masculinity. The last stage That ends this strange eventful history, Is second childishness and mere oblivion, Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything. The word san is issued by Jacques to affect courtly French. Characterized by dementia, the person is also devoid of the sensory perceptions, and therefore no better off than an infant who at least possesses these.

The Impact of Stability Balls on Student Learning Essays - Learning

The Impact of Stability Balls on Student Learning Introduction When was the last time you used an exercise or stability ball? It was probably in some exercise class or while you were doing exercises at home. For Miss Stephens' second grade class at Northside Elementary School in Palmyra, stability balls are used every day as the students' chairs. When I walked into the field on the first day, I noticed that at every desk sat these little stability balls the perfect size for second graders, instead of normal chairs. When the students came in, they were bouncing away on these stability ball chairs. Now, I have seen classes use stability balls before, but I had never seen them used in a class that I was actually observing. I was so excited that this opportunity presented itself to me for my teacher research project. Since this was the only the second day of school, one of the first things that Miss Stephens did at the beginning of the day was to set the rules and guidelines for the stability ball chairs. She used the acronym STAY to explain the rules for the chairs. S stands for sit calmly on your ball. T stands for treat your ball with respect. A stands for always keep your feet on the floor. Y stands for your ball is a privilege! Miss Stephens made sure that all the students knew how to sit on the ball chairs and how to take care of them. One rule that she also emphasized was no basketball bouncing. She emphasized this rule so that the students would not bounce uncontrollably. She also told the students that if they misused the chairs, they would lose the privilege of using them and have to use a regular chair. That first day was a little hectic, but since then the students have gotten used to the stability ball chairs. This teacher research project focuses on how stability balls impact students academically and behaviorally. I want to know whether or not using stability ball chairs will improve students' academics and behavior and whether or not students believe the ball chairs are beneficial. I will collect data on this in a couple different ways. The first one is just student observations of student behavior with and without therapy balls. The second way I will collect data is by interviewing the students as well as the teacher about their views on the impacts of stability ball chairs. In other words, my research project sets out to answer the following question: How do stability ball chairs impact my student's learning? This is an important topic to study because of the potential benefits to the students. Increased academic performance and better behavior make children more successful in school. If using these stability balls instead of regular chairs is beneficial to my class, imagine how beneficial they would be in all schools. Student performance and behavior could skyrocket. This topic is also important to study because it lets the students have a voice in their education. Through this study they have the opportunity to tell me what they think about the stability ball chairs and whether or not they think that they are beneficial to their own learning. Lastly, it is important for teachers. Finding ways to help the students reach their full potential helps improve teachers' rational. It helps teachers to know that they have positively impacted a student by using strategies to make his learning experience more successful. There are many things that I hope to learn as a result of this research study. The first thing I would like to know is whether or not stability balls actually improve students' academics and behavior. I also want to know the students' and teacher's opinions about how the stability ball chairs impact the classroom. By doing this study, I hope to learn how to take students' opinions into account when implementing strategies that I think will be beneficial. Lastly, I hope to learn the best ways to design and implement a research project in a classroom for when I have my own class. Literature Review There is much in the literature regarding stability ball chairs in the classroom. According to Burgoyne and Ketcham